Basic equipment outdoors

 Basic equipment, outdoor
the previously issued to the old post again, you ALICE reference purposes only!
Equipment's role is to ensure the safety and comfort as much as possible (the basic part of comfort is safe). Is Because each person is there is a certain law is still to be found.
1, clothing (basic equipment)
the primary purpose of outdoor clothing to keep warm and dry. a lot of very good performance to provide the comfort of clothing is more limited (because of material restrictions), not to mention the beautiful. So when the selection of such equipment must not be sacrificed because of the appearance of any point performance.
outdoor clothing includes: underwear, warm layers, the outer wind rain, shoes , socks, hats, gloves.
the role of underwear underwear
easily be overlooked, many people wear cotton underwear to participate in daily activities, it is difficult to ensure in good condition. cotton underwear as absorbent, easy dry, wet, layer after a thermal conductivity, speed up the heat distribution, known as Sweating, perspiration or underwear should be in spring, autumn and winter, the preferred equipment. even in the hot summer months, in a cool, windy, high altitudes and other conditions, sweaty clothes can make you feel cold and intolerable. < br> sweat underwear should not be relaxed, should be close to the skin but not tight. due to material reasons, usually not very comfortable when wearing.

warm layer of down products are the most good insulation, and easily compressed, lightweight, easy to carry. down products of the disadvantage is that moisture absorption and not easy to dry, it is not suitable for humid environments. down products of the main performance indicators are fluffy (fill power) and Filling cashmere. Needless to say, cashmere charge . fluffy and high means good insulation properties, with the proportion of cashmere or cashmere (**%) type (duck, goose) does not matter. Of course, the majority of the market fluffy feather products are not labeled, we'll have after the two indicators to reference. In general goose down is better than duck down, of course, the higher the better ratio of cashmere, but usually are between 70-90, higher cashmere statement (95% or even 100%) is basically nonsense, Unless you have a particular reason to convince me.
Down Due attention should buy fabrics and styles, fabrics to Fangsi, better ventilation; style should ensure easy operation, though the style is too small beautiful, but when Waichuan poor insulation. preferably with a big feather hat.
fleece products on the market very much, buy the brand does not matter. texture close, thick fleece will have better performance.
wind and rain jacket (Jacket)
jacket should have a non-ideal isolation, wind, rain completely, completely breathable. but there is no any kind of clothing to fully meet the above requirements. The environment, climate, personal the size, metabolic rate, activity intensity, among other factors, on the waterproof breathable performance requirements are also different, it should be reasonable to buy, reasonable use and should not be blind pursuit of brands, high-tech materials.
good anti- performance of the wind and rain performance is usually the same. rain coat painted surface must also be splashing agent, the formation of water droplets rolled down can rain. Although the main function of the inner layer of waterproof material or coating to provide, but the coating is still splashing very important, it can become a guide to avoid the wet warm coat layer (think of rubber poncho post it on your skin feeling). GoreTex material provides a waterproof breathable function, but if the activity of more than ability of the material breathable, sweat, like condensation in the inside, but once cemented droplets of water vapor, it can not be discharged out of clothing.
general, the jacket features wind and rain should be considered first, superior ventilation performance can be a good style design to be guaranteed. Beijing around the climate is dry, cool season of little rain, but the mountain is usually windy, wind performance is preferred. the market leave Emergency underwear most of the material properties of wind and rain no problem, you need to pay attention to suture should be wide enough adhesive (to prevent air leakage from the pin at the water); arms, cuffs with zipper, can pull ventilation; best rain canopy hood, neck, fastened to one way or another; zipper outside flaps can be bonded to water; hood, waist straps to tighten; pocket with water-resistant design; zipper can be opened from top to bottom; all designed to bring gloves and so on. good design is more important than material.
Jackets should be large enough, the best over the hips. Trousers to wear waterproof as the preferred (note taped), completely airtight can accept, because the legs relative to body sweat less. Trousers should side with the complete zipper, easy to wear off.
airtight waterproof clothing all through the washing machine to destroy the waterproof layer (film or coating), to obtain adequate ventilation performance, but difficult to reverse this process.
hiking shoes
a lot of people wearing ordinary shoes or some brand of Some chronic leg injury is caused due to improper footwear. For selection of shoes, we have a clear definition: hiking shoes.
should wear good hiking shoes, slip, hard soles, Italy The Vibram soles are the most appropriate choice. only the high-top shoes for ankle joint to provide adequate protection, while higher than the upper but also effectively prevent rain, snow, sand and other foreign matter poured into the shoes. heel and toe must strengthen the design (hard enough), actions conducive to complex terrain, the less the upper seams, the more conducive to water, but the overall poor quality shoes easily deformed, almost airtight, but the warmth is very good. fight leather (leather + synthetic material) and comfortable shoes, lighter, can breathe easy to dry, with GoreTex lining is a very good choice, the disadvantage is not durable, not very warm.
almost no market price moderate hiking shoes have enough performance to choose from. professional climbing shoes are very expensive brand, purchase requirements should be carefully selected based on good performance of the product. whole is generally a pair of winter shoes, buy shoes for a Shuangpin use of other seasons.
hat
the main functions of the summer sun hats, baseball caps, scarves Canada is a very good choice.
in the cold winter, warm hat is essential layer. winter use general use of wool hats, fleece and other materials, should have ear protection, preferably pulled up to the neck, exposing only the nose and mouth. You can wear a few more than the top, walk, camp breaks can wear different hats, both portable and can provide effective insulation.
ideal hat hat should have a short activity, or neck strap to prevent the wind.
socks
role is to isolate the foot socks and shoes to avoid friction, and provide warmth. generally should wear two pairs of socks, inner layer is a thin man-made fibers, keeping feet dry, the outside is a thick wool socks, line socks, thermal insulation and to absorb the moisture, until the opportunity to take off your shoes to replace. For the same reason, cotton products the list is not recommended.
, of course, as long as you feel comfortable, wear socks, no problem. But if the strength of multi-day-old or under extreme weather events, it is strongly recommended professional climbers wearing socks. After all, the weather in the Arctic , usually the foot is the first area to be frostbitten.
socks should have adequate backup, wet immediately after replaced.
gloves
hands of security and comfort is very important. hand function loss will lead to very dangerous consequences. When the hand of safety and comfort is threatened, you should wear gloves.
common single layer gloves, wool, fleece, waterproof cold (ski gloves), down and so on. almost every kind of gloves you might use. winter should prepare at least one work with a pair of thin gloves and thick gloves warm enough.
gloves and appropriate safety design (rope) to prevent lost.

winter snow cover snow activities, snow cover is essential equipment, its role is cut off from the ice, to prevent the legs from the trousers or the shoes poured, and can effectively provide insulation. Do not believe the simple mountain snow pants own sets of activities as long as you are in the snow, the snow must be equipped with professional sets.
2, pack (basic equipment)
we are used to prepare two backpacks, a smaller (charge packets), for a day to and from activities; a large (pack), suitable for multi-day hiking expedition activities or.
can not reduce the charge because of small package purchase requirements. purchase should pay attention to structure should be strong, carry the system must be complete (because of the volume does not necessarily mean a small light weight), there must be enough to plug, so as not to find too many things when stretched. multi-day event due to the need camping equipment, backpacks capacity to be large enough, 55 liters general male and female is the lower limit of 45 liters (except special size), winter activities or mountain climbing expedition to a larger capacity bag.
backpack suitable choice of great significance since we do not have to say any more. performance of the various styles of backpacks indicators are eyes of the beholder wise see wisdom. In fact, a backpack is not able to fit everyone. the choice of the first re-fit backpack, backpack and a long range of adjustment should be consistent with your figure. In addition to the store should take some equipment installed, back up and try not to rush.
curve carrying system and your back should be fit, the belt buckle to make the weight fall on the buttocks, to reduce the burden of the lumbar spine. full of items should not be affected by the activities of the head impact. close the site have enough foam pad. the first package and the side pockets of the design should be reasonable, so a small number of commonly used equipment can be quickly and easily access. belt, chest strap adjustment range must take into account the summer and winter two cases. must be sufficient and convenient plug-in design.
solid and durable backpack is worth to be considered separately.
backpack on the market is the most common BigPack, this package is characterized by quality and not fake Cargo, carrying flexible adjustment of the system (if often the case back substitution is a good design), the back ventilation design. drawback is that expensive, adjustable suspension system to increase the package weight. Vaude and Jack WolfSkin are good brand, but the real thing rarely need to be patient selection.
backpack large enough to be coupled with rain cover, the bad days can be of much help under Hou.
3, tents, sleeping bags and mats (basic equipment )

tent tents and equipment should belong to the collective, by regular participation in outdoor activities, often have a practical use to those in need. couples can participate in some activities, there is some experience and then buy according to their needs.
mainly based on use of the tent to buy, considering its design, materials, wind resistance, and then consider the capacity (a few people sleep), weight and so on. yurt to use more general type camping tent, 2-3 carbon fiber poles, provide a more good performance and some rain wind performance, air permeability is better. Four Seasons account or accounts, mostly mountain tunnel, more than three aluminum poles, there are numerous places nails, rope and other wind-aided design, material selection more durable. but not a lot of rain off mountains, and often very heavy, not suitable for outdoor through the weekend (except for extreme environments in winter).
around Beijing in spring, summer and autumn, climatic conditions, less complex winter is characterized by cold and windy. purchase tents, the main consideration durable, wind rain properties. a good three quarters of accounts are EuroHike series, Holiday, etc.. EuroHike defects in the structural design, wind resistance is not very good (of course, depends on the skills camp), Holiday season is the classic models account, but somehow has been discontinued, are available in the market are mostly fake. the main use of high mountains in winter accounts, many brands currently on the market, quite a mixed bag, both labeling performance excellent, but mostly fake.
fake not always mean low quality, sometimes you can still choose to value for money products, which requires vision, patience and luck.
sleeping bags
sleeping bag should be light and warm, and easy compression, easy carrying. sleeping bag's warmth is affected by a filling material, quantity, style sleeping bag, if it fits and other factors. sleeping bag down the main filling materials and synthetic fibers (d Hole cotton or silk cotton seven holes), good insulation properties of down, but easy to damp the loss performance, and expensive; silk sleeping bag is light, warm and good sleeping bag is the ideal three quarters. sleeping bag style main When a mummy and the envelope. mummy-type insulating effect is good, but not spacious, comfortable envelope. a good sleeping bag on the head of the insulation should be of appropriate design, and some sleeping bags will be in the design of thick legs. < br> no matter what the season, camping sleeping bag are guaranteed a safe and comfortable one of the most basic equipment, there is no alternative (blankets, warm clothes, etc.) can replace the function of sleeping bags. campsite climatic conditions, the user's physical differences are directly related to the sleeping bag's performance requirements, everyone should be based on the rational use of the actual situation of different sleeping bags. Each sleeping bag is marked with extreme temperature and comfort temperature are two indicators, but there is no uniform standard, large differences between the manufacturers can only be used as reference.
mountains around Beijing Summer extreme low temperature of about about 5 ℃, the minimum temperature is usually above 10 ℃, the choice of thin silk sleeping bag to envelope, the majority of no wind, low-altitude areas may still feel hot. spring and autumn the climate by changing air flow of the comparison, the limit is -5 ℃ constant temperature of about ready to do well enough in general use in the high-end silk floss or thin (500g-1000g) of the down sleeping bags. Beijing winter mountain snow should start from the Lower Dir, basic snow and ice melt on the end of the arrival, during bad weather, extreme temperature of -20 ℃ below (north-west of the high altitude), on the camping equipment is required for the performance high, if made up his mind to go hiking through at this time, it should be within the financial capability to buy the best down sleeping bags, cashmere charge more than 1200g.
must understand that when purchasing outdoor sleeping bags camping, a little hot thing to much more comfortable than the cold, should be prepared for unexpected bad weather. to buy a secret is another sleeping bag compression rate (that is fluffy and high) of the sleeping bag (whether filled with material) will be relatively good insulation properties. purchase sleeping bags attention must also be sleeping in the process, poor stitching process will result in too thin for pin at the loss of heat, or movement caused by filling materials favoritism, loss of insulation properties.
the market since the processing of the fleece and some sleeping bags, in your sleeping bag with an extra layer of insulation, is a very good choice.
moisture pad
field in order to sleep well, the key depends on the insulating layer under the sleeping bag is good. In fact, the role of moisture-proof pad not for the humidity (moisture-proof majority simply do not foam cushion), but cut off from the ground temperature. good texture and moisture-proof pad should be close. uneven surface of the air cushion and as insulation to keep better, in fact, down sleeping bags When used with such a cushion to ensure the body below the insulation.
generally self-inflatable mats provide a comfortable, does not have good insulation properties, applies only to leisure activities.
most brand-name market lower moisture pad material density, performance, limited and not durable, the advantage of cheaper prices. In fact, 2-3 times the price of brand-name products you'd better provide a cost-effective.
4, other necessary equipment
stoves and tableware
requirements of the appliances should be safe, reliable, high thermal efficiency, low cost and easy access to fuel. In the past many people used the liquid or solid fuel stove, occurred because of poor security more than fire accidents, fuel pungent and efficiency is not high and should be abandoned, no. quality reliable gas furnace should be the preferred equipment, and now the price of regular gas tank has been relatively low. In extreme circumstances, may be accompanied by professional mountain cylinders to obtain reliable thermal efficiency .
stoves, fuel, the purchase must be to have a formal channel for businesses. unsolicited products will pose a major security risk.
stove fire attributed to the list, do not forget to carry.
entirely in accordance with the use of cutlery personal preferences, but obviously should be less severe. Winter stainless steel products should be used with caution to avoid frostbite.

lighting equipment whenever such equipment should be classified as essential. for ease of use should be purchased headlights. In most cases, climbing through the night should be avoided, so the main use of headlights is lighting the camp activities, meet the basic performance of this can be. the financial capability, then you can buy high quality products, the main difference is the use of time and light intensity, but also different battery consumption, non-beneficial to the environment should be based on actual need to purchase.
Designed to provide a long operating time (100 hours), the disadvantage is the general brightness , the price a little expensive, but still worth recommending.
mats
plastic products, some products can keep the heat with a reflective film (effect uncertainty). may be placed within a moisture-proof tent or under the tent.
water
are free to buy pot, should be easy to carry. winter requires good insulation properties of stainless steel vacuum pot, the volume should be enough (more than 1 liter), because relatively few opportunities for water heating.
a tool
a small knife is sufficient. unless there is actually necessary (I can not think of the circumstances under which), not to bring large-scale tool (jungle knife) to avoid misunderstanding. around Beijing has nothing to hack out for you.
large plastic bags
widely used. can be divided into food or fear of tidal loading of equipment (cameras, sleeping bags, etc.), but also as a life-saving emergency situations bags. Of course, the main use is as garbage bags.
non-security type string
purposes, such as making wind rope, tied belongings.
contact tools
walkie-talkies, whistles and so on. to carry and use as needed, usually simple to Han Jisheng regional landscape.
6, other non-essential equipment
toiletries, sunglasses, sunscreen
winter snow activities must wear anti-ultraviolet effects, completely blocking sunglasses. sunglasses should have eyes for the sport and the rope to prevent lost. the best left back. other cases decided by personal preference.
toiletries should meet the requirements of environmental protection.
safety equipment (ropes, belts, rock cones and other technical equipment), ice and snow equipment (ice axes, ice claw, ice picks, snow shovel, snow shoes, etc.) a little.
Summary: climbing through the weekend to participate in activities typical of the basic personal equipment is the backpack, sleeping bag (moisture-proof pad), hiking shoes, and appropriate clothing. team personnel must also be sufficient to carry the necessary equipment to ensure the wild life.